Water Desalination and Mining Coproduction

2016, Mining valuable minerals from seawater: a critical review

For example, it was estimated that the market value of Na, Ca, Mg, and K, if they are successfully extracted from the rejected brine of a desalination plant in Saudi Arabia, would be approximately $US18 billion per year.

2022, Seawater desalination concentrate—a new frontier for sustainable mining of valuable minerals

it is likely that commercial development of the non-NaCl components of desalination brine will depend on the available market for NaCl, as the challenges and costs of extracting the other mineral components from bitterns in which they are highly enriched are so much less than those faced in direct treatment of brines.

Extraction of mineral products from desalination plant concentrate has potential advantages compared to terrestrial mining of the same compounds. These include: the essentially inexhaustible scale of the ocean; the constant composition of the ocean; the vast capacity of the ocean to dilute treated waste streams; and the stable and fixed footprint of the mining operation.

Anchovy Sex Is a Force of Nature

Turbulence is crucial for mixing heat and nutrients throughout the ocean. Previous research largely shows that the turbulence animals cause living their lives isn’t enough to substantially mix the layers of the ocean’s water column. But Castro’s study—which was published in 2022 and won a 2023 Ig Nobel Prize for humorous, thought-provoking scientific achievement—shows that within ocean layers, anchovy spawning causes significant, if subtle, swings in temperature. This finding suggests that in shallower water, the ruckus produced by plentiful piscine participants procreating all at once might be more powerful and more important for ocean mixing than previously thought.

(2022) Intense upper ocean mixing due to large aggregations of spawning fish

Mining by extracting from seawater

International Energy Agency: Critical Minerals Market Review 2023

[…] These illustrate how relatively niche minerals such as magnesium, high-purity manganese, high-purity phosphorus and silicon may disrupt supply chains due to high reliance on a small group of suppliers. […]

Primary production of magnesium worldwide from 2010 to 2023

The world’s primary smelter production of magnesium was estimated at 940,000 metric tons in 2023.

Revenue of the leading mining companies worldwide from 2005 to 2023, with a forecast for 2024

In 2023, the mining industry’s leading 40 companies had a total revenue of approximately 845 billion U.S. dollars, including trading revenues.

Passive thermal desalination

https://wiki.hackerspaces.org/Design_Patterns https://github.com/mgmeyers/obsidian-kanban https://github.com/MichaelMure/git-bug https://github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles#spinner https://acoup.blog/2022/08/26/collections-why-no-roman-industrial-revolution/ fuzzing-go-apis-for-sql-injection https://energydome.com/ https://www.terabase.energy/ https://github.com/ory/dockertest https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy https://github.com/adri326/stackline https://github.com/adri326/petri.rs https://gitlab.com/porky11/pn-editor https://www.gnu.org/software/grep/manual/html_node/Environment-Variables.html file:///home/pete/Downloads/Decryptage-Le-dernier-rapport-du-GIEC-en-5-point-cles.pdf https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2023-04-06/concentrated-solar-power-technology-comeback-electricity-mirrors/102184372? file:///home/pete/Downloads/23-00033_SER-FUT_REPORT_RenewableEnergyStorageRoadmap_WEB_230310.pdf https://www.nushell.sh/ https://stackoverflow.blog/2023/12/26/developer-with-adhd-youre-not-alone https://ludovicianul.github.io/2020/10/05/github-api-testing/ https://egkatzioura.com/2022/01/28/mock-grpc-services-for-unit-testing/ https://golangexample.com/mock-generator-from-protobuf-and-grpc/ https://trafficparrot.com/tutorials/mocking-and-simulating-grpc.html https://carlmastrangelo.com/blog/why-does-grpc-insist-on-trailers https://wickstrom.tech/2021-05-03-specifying-state-machines-with-temporal-logic.html https://tilt.dev/ https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32591265 https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/managing-commit-signature-verification/about-commit-signature-verification#ssh-commit-signature-verification https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32578311 https://www.fuzzmap.io/?welcome=1 https://blog.crossplane.io/crossplane-vs-terraform/ https://crates.io/crates/cargo-semver-checks https://deterministic.space/secret-life-of-cows.html https://iknowwhatyoudownload.com/en/peer/?ip=130.180.219.188 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonali_Bag?oldformat=true https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/18ry97g/r_does_anyone_know_of_ml_projects_that_attempt_to/

https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedpdoofg3tfybow5norzcl55bhbvpbhr5gibzqaipiz6v5r4rrivq?filename=%28Lecture%20Notes%20in%20Computer%20Science%205387%20Programming%20and%20Software%20Engineering%29%20Mario%20Bravetti%2C%20Gianluigi%20Zavattaro%20%28auth.%29%2C%20Roberto%20Bruni%2C%20Karsten%20Wolf%20%28eds.%29%20-%20Web%20Services%20and%20Formal%20Methods_%205th%20Int.pdf https://sci-hub.ru/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5465136 https://sci-hub.ru/http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11749776_12 https://static.aminer.org/pdf/PDF/000/365/109/approaching_web_service_coordination_and_composition_by_means_of_petri.pdf https://sci-hub.ru/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5623398 https://sci-hub.ru/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5175926 https://sci-hub.ru/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4700384 https://sci-hub.ru/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4494415 file:///home/pete/Downloads/Thesis.pdf https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2023/6/273222-the-silent-revolution-of-sat/fulltext https://web.dev/articles/signed-exchanges

https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/uranium-mining-overview.aspx

https://depts.washington.edu/embryology/index.php?id=mineral

separate molten salts by phase?

https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/uranium-mining-overview.aspx

https://www.reddit.com/r/nuclear/s/0RoifG8aZk